Anchoring device



March 14, 1939. H. E, Snai-2V 2,150,866

ANCHORING DEVICE Filed Jan. 6, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet l @gli @5.2.

24 J0 24 v S lg I I J6 S S F J4 'l 5 g i y y 14 i) Y J/ 16 -14v i r Y al: l l l?! INVENTDR H @J1/m E. 3kb] ATTORNEY March `14, 1939. H E. slPEANCHORING DEVICE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filedv Jan. 6, 1937 W V .v v W .HV v vl l ITIV T5 g, w .y NW@ v 1... W WM Ww. v www A y Y \vvv I* Z ww 5 M M4Aff/ff ATTORNEY Patente-d Mar. 14, 1939 UNITED STATES ANCHORING DEVICEHarry E. Sipe, New York, N. Y., assignor of onehalf to Nathaniel L.Foster, Montclair, N. J.

Application January 6, 1937, Serial No. 119,189

9 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in bolt anchors.

Bolt anchors are adapted to fasten bolts, studs or the like in concrete,stone, brick, tile or other masonry. Known bolt anchors usually have anexpansible portion which is inserted into a hole in concrete, stone andthe like around a bolt or stud and then the expansible portion isexpanded to anchor or hold the bolt or stud in the concrete or stone. Ihave provided bolt anchors made from sheet metal which are cheaper tomanufacture than known cast devices or other known devices. A sheetmetal anchor made according to my invention is more easily displaced bycaulking than previous solid cast anchors and causes less violence tothe wall or body in which the anchor is attached and minimizes thepossibility of cracking or otherwise weakening the body or wall.

In one form of my invention a sheet of lead and a sheet of a harder andmore resilient metal such as copper, are rolled into cylindrical form.The layers are spirally wound to form alternate layers of lead andcopper. A steel or similar washer is attached to the bottom of thecylinder. The sheets are so cut that when the cylinder is formed thecentral layer extends higher than the remaining layers. When thecylindrical anchor is positioned in a hole in masonry and caulked, theanchor is easily seated with the least possible disturbance of thematerial to which it is secured and with a minimum of friction againstthe side walls of the hole in the masonry during the driving of theanchor into engaged position. Instead of lead I may use other soft,iiowable metals or alloys and instead of copper I may use zinc,aluminum, soft iron, steel or similar metals or alloys.

When the anchor cylinder is caulked, the layers of the harder metal suchas copper become corrugated or buckled and cause the lead or other softmetal of the soft metal layer to flow and secure the anchor to the holein the masonry. The layer of harder metal does not change in thicknessdue to caulking but undergoes a change of shape, whereas the layer oflead changes in thickness and shape.

In another form of my invention the harder metal is in the form of acylinder having a longitudinal strip cut away. This cylinder is thencovered with a sheet of softer material. The cylinder of harder metalextends up above the softer material for the same purpose as describedin connection with the previous form. The cylinder of harder metal ispreferably corrugated when using a metal such as sheet zinc tofacilitate the caulking operation.

In still another form of my invention I take a rectangular sheet orlayer of lead and a rectangular sheet or layer of copper or other re- 5silient metal, the copper having V-shaped sheared portions to formresilient tabs. 'Ihe two sheets or layers are wound together into spiralform with the copper sheet on the inner surface. A screw or bolt isplaced in the bore of the spiral and the assembly is placed in a hole inmasonry or the like with the bottom of the V-shaped portions pointingtoward the bottom of the hole in the masonry. The assembly is thencaulked and the Ycopper sheet with its V-shaped portions and the leadlayer are deformed to form threads around the screw threads of the screwor bolt. This screw or bolt is removed after the anchor is caulked inplace and another screw'or bolt may be screwed into the threaded socketor opening. The inner sheet is formed of a harder and more resilientmetal and holds the contour of the threads and the screw or bolt willnot pull out in use. The inner sheet is preferably made of copper butother similar metals or alloys may be used. Instead of the copper sheetI can use perforated copper or like metal sheets, punched sheets orsemi-punched sheets, or wire screen or woven metal cloth.

I may also use my Vinvention to form means for fastening tubing tocoupling members. The end of a tubing is surrounded by a sleeve formedof layers of a soft metal and a harder metal and this assembly isinserted into a tubular coupling. The laminated sleeveis caulked andforms a wedging and sealing means between the tubing and the coupling.

The spirally wound bolt anchors may be dipped and soldered or the endsmay be fused to form 40 units which will retain their form and notunroll in handling. This treatment is desirable but not mandatory.

Referring now to the drawings:

Fig. l represents an elevation of one form of bolt anchor made accordingto my invention, and shown enlarged;

Fig. 2 represents a longitudinal cross section taken through the deviceshown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 represents the shape of the bolt anchor after it has beencaulked;

Fig. lrepresents a top plan view of the device shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5` represents a plan View of the sheets in superimposed relationbefore they are rolled up vinwhich sleeve anchors are used to connectthe tubing to the coupling member;

'is lead.

into the form of the spiral cylinder shownV in Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 represents the first step of placing a bolt and a bolt anchor ina hole or opening Vin masonry or the like and before caulking, the boltVsmaller scale with a part shown in section to faf cilitate thedisclosure;

Fig. 9 represents a horizontal cross section taken on line 9-9 of Fig.8;

Fig. 10 represents a top plan View of another form of my inventionshowing a bolt anchor in which a layer of harder and more resilientmaterial having V-shaped punched portions is used;

Fig. 11 represents the first step in using the bolt anchorzshown in Fig.10 when the anchor and a bolt are placed in a holeor opening in masonryor the like;

Fig. 12 represents the shape of the cylindrical anchor after thecaulking operation is completed; Fig. 13 represents a metal sheet formedwith V-shaped cut. portions which is used with a lead layer to make thecylindrical anchor shown in Fig. 10;

f Figs. 14 and 15 represent sheets .of other forms of metallic materialwhich may be used instead of the semi-punched sheet Vshown in Fig.10;

' Fig. 16 represents a coupling member for tubing Fig. 17 representsaperspective view of the sleeve used as an anchor in Fig. 16; and

Fig. 18 represents a perspectiveview of oneY form of caulking tooladapted to be used with the sleeve shown Vin Fig. 16.

In the drawings, the Vreference character I0 designates a cylinderformedby rolling two sheets ofmaterial'into spiral form. 'I'he cylinder has abore or opening I2.'l yOne sheet I4 is of lead or similar soft ilowablemetal or alloy and the other sheet I6 is of copper, zinc, aluminum orother similar stronger metal or alloy. Both sheets are Vpreferablyof thegeneral form shown in Fig. 5

where the sheets are 'shown in' unrolledY condition and'in superimposedrelation. However, the lead sheet I4 isrlonger than the copper sheet I6vand when rolledup surrounds the bore I2 of the cylinder and also beinglonger than the copper sheet I6 completely covers the outside of thecylindrical anchor as shwn in Figs. 1 Aand 4. Each sheet has a side I8of greater length than theparallel VsideV 20 with the angular side 22connectingV the sides I8 and 20. The lead sheet may have a flatterportion 23 leading from side 22 to'form a flat top on the anchor.4 Byrolling the sheets together, acylinde'r is formed having alternatinglead andcopper layers.

The rolling is started at the longer side I8 of the lead sheet andenough material of the lead sheet is rolled up so that the wall of thebore I2 (See Fig. 4). Becauseof they shape of the sheets the center part24 of the formed cylinder projects above the rest'of the anchor so thatwhenY the anchork is caulked, there will be substantially no disturbanceof the material in which the anchor is attached and the friction`between the Vlead sheet and the` material vof the masonry' Vhole willbe minimized during the caulking of the anchor cylinder. f .g L iSecured to the bottom Aof the cylinder by solder'- ing or welding is aring or washer 28 preferably ma-de of steel. This washer forms a baseagainst Whichthe rolled sheets of the cylinder are driven when theanchor is caulked in a hole in masonry or the like. This Washer is notessential and may beomitted as is done in some of the forms later to bedescribed `as for example in Fig. 8. When no washer is used the coppersheet ofthe anchor preferably abuts the head of the bolt so that incaulking there is a base against which the anchor abuts.

AThe sheets of lead and copper'are preferably separate when rolled up toform alternate layers of lead and copper with the lead sheet forming theinner and outer surfaces of the cylinder. But VI may use a single sheetof copper heavily coated with lead instead Yof separate sheets to formmy anchor cylinder.

When it isY desired to anchor a bolt, an anchor cylinder is chosen ofabout the size of the opening 30 in masonry or the like .asV shown inFig. 6. A bolt 32 is placed into the anchor cylinder with its head 34against the Washer 28 and this assembly is placed in the opening 30With'the bolt head at the bottomof the opening and with the high centralpart 24 toward the front of the opening.

The cylinder is then caulkedby driving the caulk ing tool 36 againstthehigh central part of the cylinderV and the copper sheet is buckled orwrinkled as shown at 31 in Fig. 7, andthe lead sheet is forced againstthe Wall of the hole or opening 30 as at 38 without being forcedfrictionally vacross the irregular Wallsurface of the hole 30 radiallyoutward. VThe corrugations in the buckledV copper` sheet hold the leadin a compressed conditionrinsuring a permanent fastening.r The irregularwall surface of the hole is left undisturbed insuringgreater security ofattachment. It will be seen that the copper sheet does not change inthickness butV the lead change in thickness. Y

By driving the anchor down at the high central part 24, the .outerleadsurface of the anchor is one object of my invention is to press thelead Voutward against the hole wall rather than moving the .leadfrictionally across the surface,.as frictional movement tends to weakenthe engagement `ofthe anchor inthe hole wall. ,In Figs. 8 and 9 I haveshown .another form of my inventionin which the harder metal 40 in sheetdoes substantially cylindrical form extends above the.

rest of -the cylinder. VThe harder metal in this form is preferably zincand is preferably initially slightly corrugated as at 42 to assist thecollapse of the anchor when it is caulked. The corrugation is shown inexaggerated form in the draw-v ings for purposes of disclosure. The zinccylinder Yeo 4U has a section cut out longitudinally for its.` Y

entire length as at 44. A lead sheet 46is wrapped around the outersurface of the cylinder, over the edges of thecut portion and is thenpressed around the inner surface of the cylinder 40 with the ends ofthelead sheet meeting at 48. When the anchorshown in'Figs. 8 and9 iscaulked, the zinc or harder metal sheet is buckled or further corrugatedto move the outer lead sheet against the `hole in the masonry or thelike in a Way similar to that above described in theprevious form of myinvention.

connection with Y In Fig. 10 I have shown a further form of my inventionin which the anchor is formed by rolling a lead sheet 50 and metal sheet52 made .of copper, zinc, aluminum or the like, into cylindrical form,the sheet 52 being exposed on the inner surface of the anchor cylinderand the lead sheet being on the outer surface. The sheet 52 ispreferably rectangular and has semipunched V'shaped portions 53 therein.The material is cut along intersecting lines 54 and 55 but the V-shapedportions or tabs are not removed. When this anchor lis to be used, athreaded bolt 56 is placed with its threads in the anchor against themetal sheet 52. The sleeve or anchor is then placed in a hole or openingin masonry or the like with the pointed ends of the V-shaped portions 53pointing toward the bottom of the hole. The anchor is then caulkedagainst the threads of the threaded bolt 56 by means of a caulking tool.

'Ihe metal sheet 52 is buckled and the V-shaped portions 53 are driveninto the thread grooves and the lead also is forced to follow againstthe threads of the bolt and against the metal sheet 52 so that athreaded socket 58 is formed in the caulked sleeve or anchor. It will benoted that the tabs 53 in the caulked anchor prevent the bolt from beingpulled out. Then the threaded member or bolt is unscrewed and thethreaded socket is adapted to receive the bolt of identical thread. Whenthis sleeve or anchor is caulked in the opening or hole 59 in masonry,the lead sheet of the sleeve or anchor is expanded or spread out andsecurely held within the hole or opening in a way similar to thatdescribed above in connection with the other forms of my invention.Instead of using the semi-punched sheet I can use perforated or punchedmetal strips or sheets, or screen or woven metal cloth. In Fig. 14 Ihave shown a punched strip or sheet 66 and in Fig. 15 I have shown awoven wire 62. When a metal strip of this kind is used, the sleeve oranchor is rolled up or Wound up with the perforated or punched metalexposed on the inner surface of the sleeve so that the metal strip maybe deformed to form threads in substantially the same way as the metalsheet 52 and tabs 33 form threads when the sleeve or anchor is caulkedin the opening or hole in masonry.

The screen or woven wire and strips of perforated metal and otherreticular material may be rolled into the surface of the lead sheet inorder to be held in place when the lead sheet is to be rolled up intocylindrical form. However, the screen or woven wire or perforated .orsemipunched metal strip may be separate from the lead sheet and the twostrips or sheets may be rolled upl into cylindrical form to form thesleeve or cylindrical anchor.

In another form of my invention I use a sleeve or cylindrical anchor 63in connection with a coupling member 64 for tubular members. In this waythe regular fittings are omitted and a cheaper construction is provided.The coupling member 64 is` shown as a tubular member having a centralinternal and annular flange or stopy 65 against which the ends of thetubing sections 66 and anchors abut. The outer diameter of the tubing isslightly smaller than the internal diameter 6l of the coupling member toleave a space 68 into which the sleeve or anchor 63 may be inserted.

The sleeve or anchor may be made by rolling up or winding up a leadsheet and a copper sheet superimposed on each other. In the form shownin the drawings, the sleeve or anchor ismade of a copper sheet 1U orother suitable metal heavily coated on both sides with lead or tin 12 ora combination thereof. The coated copper strip has its ends blanked withserrations 14 so that when the metal sheet or sheets are bent intoSleeve form the serrations will interengage to form a joint 16. Otherforms `of joint may be used. This joint may be fused or soldered to makea more substantial body preventing damage in handling.

To make the connection between the tubing sections 66 the couplingmember 64, the anchor is positioned on the end of a tubing section andthis assembly is inserted into the opening in the coupling member untilthe tubing end abuts stop 65. The sleeve or anchor 63 is shorter inlength than the depth of the opening in the coupling member to form arecess 8|] for the caulking tool 82 (Fig. 18). The caulking tool issemicircular and has a thin portion 84 adapted to pass into the openingor recess 80 between the coupling member and tubing sections. Thecaulking tool has an enlarged head 86 which provides a driving portionadapted to be struck and by means of which the tool is driven againstthe sleeve or anchor 63. lIhe caulking tool is turned and moved aroundthe tubing sections as it is hammered to cause the copper and hardermetal of the sleeve or anchor to collapse and buckle in oppositelydisposed circumferential ridges 88. 'Ihe lead covering on the ridges ispushed firmly against the opposite walls formed by the inner wall of thecoupling member and the outer Wall of the tubing, as at Sil. In this Waya leakproof joint is provided between the tubing section and thecoupling member. After one sleeve or anchor is caulked. the other sleeveor anchor is caulked. When the sleeve is caulked the harder metal willcorrugate or wrinkle and the softer metal will be forced against thewalls of the coupling member. The joining of the sleeve by the serratedline provides further safety against leakage through the coupling memberand around the sleeve.

It is to be understood that other caulking tools may be used.

rI'he connecting means shown in Fig. 16 is not to be restricted to theform shown but may be used to connect electrical conductors to socketsand for other similar purposes.

What I claim is:

1. A device of the character described including a cylindrical memberhaving a central bore and spirally Wound walls of alternate layers oflead and copper, the central portion of said cylindrical member beinglonger than the remainder of said cylindrical member.

2. A bolt anchor including a cylindrical member having a central boreand spirally wound Walls formed of alternate sheets of a soft metal anda harder metal, said softer metal forming the inner wall of said bore,the portions of said layers adjacent said bore being longer than therest of said anchor to form a projecting central part adapted to bestruck when said anchor is to be caulked.

3. A device of the character described including a cylindrical memberhaving a central bore and spirally wound walls of alternate layers oflead and a harder metal, said lead layer surrounding said harder metal,and a metallic washer secured to one end of said cylindrical member.

4. A device of the character described including .a cylindrical memberhaving a'central bore and formed by rolling a leadsheet and a harderlmetal sheet into spiral form, said harder metal sheetforming theinterior YWall of said cylindri- K cal member,V said harder metal sheetbeing reticular andA being subject to corrugation upon caulking.v Y Y YY 5.- A deviceV of the character described includingja cylindricalmember having a central bore and formed by rolling a lead sheet and acopper sheet into spiral form,y said copper sheet being Y formedwithV-shaped portions, said copper sheet forming the wall of said bore.

i 6. A device of the character described, including a. cylindricalmember having a central bore and spirally wound walls of alternatelayers of Va soft metal and harder metal, the centralV portion of saidcylindrical member being longer than the remainder of said cylindricalmember.

7;V In combination, means for-fastening tub- Y ing to coupling memberscomprising a laminated sleeve formed of layers of a soft metal and aharder metal,` the layers of `harder metal Ybeing corrugated when thesleeve is caulked to cause the soft metal to be forced the couplingmembers. o v

Y 8. A bolt anchor as claimed in claim 2 in which Y the harder metalforms the inner wall ofa central bore.

aganst the walls of 9. A bolt anchor comprising a cylindrical mem- `Y

